Te rerekētanga me te whakamahinga o te PAM cationic, anionic me te nonionic?

Polyacrylamide(PAM) he pūhui maha-whakamahinga e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te maimoatanga wai, te hanga pepa, te tango hinu me ētahi atu mara. E ai ki ōna āhuatanga ionic, e toru ngā momo matua o te PAM: cationic (Cationic PAM, CPAM), anionic (Anionic PAM, APAM) me te nonionic (Nonionic PAM, NPAM). He rerekētanga nui tō ēnei momo e toru i roto i te hanganga, te mahi me te tono.

1. Polyacrylamide kationika (PAM kationika, CPAM)

Hanganga me ngā āhuatanga:

PAM Kationika: He pūhui pūmua rārangi. Nā te mea he maha ngā rōpū hohe, ka taea e ia te hanga hononga hauwai me te maha o ngā matū, ā, ka whakapūpū i ngā koroida utu kino. He pai mō te whakamahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga waikawa.

Taupānga:

- Te tukatuka i ngā wai para: He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te CPAM hei tukatuka i ngā wai para koiora utu kino, pērā i te wai para o te tāone, te wai para tukatuka kai, me ētahi atu. Ka taea e ngā utu pai te whakakotahi me ngā matūriki iri utu kino hei hanga i ngā putunga, ā, ka whakatairanga i te wehenga totoka-wai.

- Ahumahi pepa: I roto i te tukanga hanga pepa, ka taea te whakamahi i te CPAM hei whakakaha me te pupuri i te pepa hei whakapai ake i te kaha me te tere o te pupuri.

- Te tango hinu: I roto i ngā mara hinu, ka whakamahia te CPAM hei rongoā i te paru keri hei whakaiti i te tātari me te whakamātotoru.

2. Polyacrylamide anionic (PAM anionic, APAM)

Hanganga me ngā āhuatanga:

He pūmua wairewa-wai te PAM anionic. Mā te whakauru i ēnei rōpū anionic ki te tuara pūmua, ka taea e te APAM te tauhohe ki ngā matū utu pai. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka whakamahia mō te whakapūpū, te whakatōtō me te whakamārama i ngā wai para ahumahi. He pai mō te whakamahi i roto i ngā āhuatanga kawakore.

Taupānga:

- Te maimoatanga wai: He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te APAM i roto i te wai inu me te maimoatanga waipara ahumahi. Ka taea e ia te whakapūmau i ngā matūriki iri mā te whakakore hiko, te mimiti rānei, ā, ka pai ake te mārama o te wai.

- Ahumahi pepa: Hei āwhina pupuri me te tātari, ka taea e te APAM te whakapai ake i te mahi tātari wai o te penupenu me te kaha o te pepa.

- Te Keri me te Whakakī i te Kohatu: I te wā e whakamānu ana, e whakapūmau ana hoki te kohatu, ka taea e te APAM te whakatairanga i te whakapūmautanga o ngā matūriki kohatu me te whakapai ake i te tere whakaora o te kohatu.

- Whakapai ake i te Oneone: Ka taea e te APAM te whakapai ake i te hanganga o te oneone, te whakaiti i te horo o te oneone, ā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te ahuwhenua me te māra.

3. Polyacrylamide Kore-ionic (PAM Kore-ionic, NPAM)

Hanganga me ngā Āhuatanga:

Ko te PAM kore-ionic he pūmua ngota teitei, he polyelectrolyte rānei, he nui ngā ira porowhita kei roto i tōna mekameka ngota. Ka taea e ia te mimiti i ngā matūriki totoka e iri ana i roto i te wai, ka hono i waenga i ngā matūriki hei hanga i ngā floccules nui, ka tere ake te whakatō o ngā matūriki i roto i te whakatārewatanga, ka tere ake te whakamārama i te otinga, ka whakatairanga i te tātari. Kāore he rōpū utu, ā, ko te nuinga o te mea he rōpū amide. Mā tēnei hanganga ka whakaatu i te wairewatanga me te pumau pai i raro i ngā āhuatanga kūpapa me te waikawa ngoikore. Ko ngā āhuatanga o te PAM kore-ionic he taumaha ngota teitei, ā, kāore e tino pāngia e te uara pH.

Taupānga:

- Maimoatanga Wai: Ka taea te whakamahi i te NPAM hei rongoā i te wai parakore iti, wai parakore teitei, pērā i te wai kāinga me te wai inu. Ko tōna painga he kaha tōna urutau ki ngā panonitanga o te kounga wai me te pH.

- Te umanga kakahu me te tae: I roto i te tukatuka kakahu, ka whakamahia te NPAM hei whakamātotoru me te whakau hei whakapai ake i te piri o te tae me te ōritetanga o te tae.

- Ahumahi whakarewa: Ka whakamahia te NPAM hei hinu whakahinuhinu me te whakamatao i roto i te tukatuka whakarewa hei whakaiti i te waku me te whakapai ake i te pai o te tukatuka.

- Ahuwhenua me te māra: Hei whakamakuku oneone, ka taea e te NPAM te whakapai ake i te kaha pupuri wai o te oneone me te whakatairanga i te tipu o ngā tipu.

He rerekē ngā mara tono me ngā pānga o te polyacrylamide cationic, anionic me te nonionic nā runga i ō rātou hanganga matū ahurei me ngā āhuatanga utu. Te mārama me te whiriwhiri i te mea tikaPAMmomo ka taea te whakapai ake i te pai o te tukatuka me ngā pānga hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā ahumahi rerekē.