E toru ngā tohu hei aro atu māu ina whiriwhiri ana i te PAM

Polyacrylamide(PAM) he matū whakapūkara polymer waro e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te mara o te maimoatanga wai. Ko ngā tohu hangarau o te PAM ko te ionicity, te nekehanga hydrolysis, te taumaha ngota, me ētahi atu. He pānga nui ēnei tohu ki te pānga flocculation o te maimoatanga wai. Mā te mārama ki ēnei tohu ka āwhina i a koe ki te whiriwhiri wawe i ngā hua PAM me ngā whakaritenga e tika ana.

Te koretake

Ko te ionitanga e pā ana ki te āhua o ngā utu pai, kino rānei o te mekameka ngota PAM. He pānga nui te nui o te ionitanga ki te pānga flocculation o te maimoatanga wai. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te teitei ake o te ionitanga, ko te pai ake o te pānga flocculation. Nā te mea he nui ake ngā utu o ngā mekameka ngota PAM ionitanga teitei, ā, ka pai ake te mimiti i ngā matūriki iri, ka huihui ngātahi hei hanga i ngā flocs nui ake.

Ko te nuinga o te wā, ka wehea te polyacrylamide ki ngā momo anionic (APAM), cationic (CPAM), me te non-ionic (NPAM) i runga i tō rātou ionicity. He rerekē ngā pānga o ēnei momo PAM e toru. I roto i ngā mahi whaihua, me whiriwhiri te ionicity tika i runga i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te uara pH o te wai kua tukatukahia, te electronegativity, me te kukū o ngā matūriki iri. Hei tauira, mō ngā wai para waikawa, me whiriwhiri te PAM he nui ake te cationity; mō ngā wai para kawakore, me whiriwhiri te PAM he nui ake te anionicity. Hei tāpiri, kia pai ake ai te pānga flocculation, ka taea hoki te whakatutuki mā te whakaranu i te PAM me ngā nekehanga ionic rerekē.

Te Tohu o te Wairewatanga (mō te APAM))

Ko te nui o te waikura o te PAM e pā ana ki te nui o te waikura o ngā rōpū amide i runga i tōna mekameka ngota. Ka taea te whakarōpū i te nui o te waikura ki ngā nui iti, waenga, me te nui. He rerekē ngā āhuatanga me ngā whakamahinga o te PAM me ngā nui rerekē o te waikura.

Ko te PAM he iti te taumata o te waikura e whakamahia ana mō te whakamātotoru me te whakau. Ka whakanui ake i te matotoru o te wairewa, ka taea ai e ngā matūriki iri te horapa pai ake. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā wai keri, ngā paninga, me te umanga kai.

He pai te pānga whakapūpū o te PAM me te taumata waenga o te waikura, ā, he pai mō ngā maimoatanga kounga wai maha. Ka taea e ia te whakakotahi i ngā matūriki iri hei hanga i ngā pūpū nui ake mā te mimiti me te piriti, ā, ka tere te taunga. He whānuitia te whakamahinga i roto i ngā mara o te maimoatanga parakaingaki o ngā tāone, te maimoatanga parakaingaki ahumahi, me te whakamaroke paru.

He kaha te mimiti me te tango tae o te PAM me te nui o te waikura, ā, he maha ngā wā e whakamahia ana i roto i te tā me te tae i te maimoatanga wai para me ētahi atu mara. Ka taea e ia te mimiti me te tango i ngā matū kino i roto i te wai para, pērā i ngā tae, ngā konganuku taumaha, me ngā mea rauropi, mā roto i ngā rōpū utu me te mimiti i runga i te mekameka polymer.

Taumaha ngota

Ko te taumaha ngota o te PAM e pā ana ki te roa o tōna mekameka ngota. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te teitei ake o te taumaha ngota, ko te pai ake o te pānga whakapūpū o te PAM. Nā te mea ka taea e te PAM taumaha ngota teitei te mimiti pai ake i ngā matūriki kua whakatārewatia, ka huihui mai rātou hei hanga i ngā pūpū nui ake. I taua wā anō, he pai ake ngā āheinga here me te hononga o te PAM taumaha ngota teitei, ka taea ai te whakapai ake i te kaha me te pumau o te pūpū.

I roto i ngā mahi whaihua, ko te taumaha ngota o te PAM e whakamahia ana mō te maimoatanga paru o ngā tāone me te maimoatanga paru o ngā ahumahi me nui ake ngā whakaritenga, mai i te miriona ki te tekau miriona. Ko te taumaha ngota o te PAM e whakamahia ana mō te maimoatanga whakamaroke paru he iti noa iho, mai i te miriona ki te tekau miriona.

Hei whakamutunga, ko ngā tohu pēnei i te ionitanga, te taumata waikura, me te taumaha ngota ngā mea matua e pā ana ki te pānga o te PAM ki te maimoatanga wai. I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā hua PAM, me whai whakaaro whānui koe ki te kounga o te wai, ā, me whiriwhiri kia rite ki ngā tohu hangarau PAM kia whiwhi ai i te pānga pai rawa atu o te flocculation, te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga, me te kounga o te maimoatanga wai.